Subtracting With Fraction Strips

Subtracting With Fraction Strips

Ages 9–11 · 7 minutes · Math

Help Jacob subtract fractions to figure out how long the melting snow will last

In this intermediate fractions lesson, students will learn and practice:

- Using fraction strips to visualize decreasing fractions
- Isolating important numbers from a word problem
- Subtracting fractions with the same denominator using fraction strips

Part of

Standards alignment

Common Core State Standards

  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

Alabama

  • MA19.4.15b — Add and subtract fractions and mixed numbers with like denominators using fraction equivalence, properties of operations, and the relationship between addition and subtraction.
  • MA19.4.15c — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions and mixed numbers having like denominators, using drawings, visual fraction models, and equations to represent the problem.
  • MA19.4.15 — Model and justify decompositions of fractions and explain addition and subtraction of fractions as joining or separating parts referring to the same whole.

Alaska

  • 4.NF.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators (e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem).
  • 4.NF.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.

Arizona

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

Arkansas

  • 4.CAR.5 — Add and subtract fractions, including mixed numbers, with like denominators, using visual fraction models and equations. • Fractions include: denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100
  • 4.CAR.9 — Solve real-world problems involving the addition and subtraction of fractions; include mixed numbers with like denominators, using visual fraction models or equations. • Fractions include: denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100
  • 4.NPV.7 — Decompose fractions, including fractions greater than one and mixed numbers, into unit fractions, using concrete models, drawings, and/or the number line. • Fractions include denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.

California

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

Colorado

  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.

Connecticut

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

Delaware

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

Florida

  • MA.4.AR.1.2 — Solve real-world problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions with like denominators, including mixed numbers and fractions greater than one.
  • MA.4.FR.2.2 — Add and subtract fractions with like denominators, including mixed numbers and fractions greater than one, with procedural reliability.
  • MA.4.FR.2.1 — Decompose a fraction, including mixed numbers and fractions greater than one, into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in multiple ways. Demonstrate each decomposition with objects, drawings and equations.

Georgia

  • 4.NR.4.6 — Add and subtract fractions and mixed numbers with like denominators using a variety of tools.
  • 4.NR.5 — Solve real-life problems involving addition, equivalence, comparison of fractions with denominators of 10 and 100, and comparison of decimal numbers as tenths and hundredths using part-whole strategies and visual models.

Hawaii

  • 4.NF.B.3a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

Idaho

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions, including mixed numbers, with the same denominator. Justify the conclusions using a visual fraction model and/or verbal reasoning.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify the conclusions by using a visual fraction model and/or verbal reasoning.

Illinois

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

Indiana

  • 4.CA.6 — Add and subtract fractions with common denominators using visual fraction models. Decompose non-unit fractions to represent them as iterations of unit fractions. (E)
  • 4.CA.8 — Solve real-world problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having common denominators (e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem). (E)
  • 4.NS.2 — Model mixed numbers and improper fractions using visual fraction models such as number lines and area models. Use a visual fraction model to show the equivalency between whole numbers and whole numbers as fractions.
  • 4.CA.7 — Add and subtract mixed numbers with common denominators (e.g., by replacing each mixed number with an equivalent fraction and/or by using properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction).

Iowa

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, by using visual fraction models and or equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b. For example, 3/4 = 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4$.

Kansas

  • 4.NF.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g. by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.

Kentucky

  • KY.4.NF.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • KY.4.NF.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators.

Louisiana

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.MD.A.2 — Use the four operations to solve word problems involving distances, intervals of time, liquid volumes, masses of objects, and money, including problems involving whole numbers and/or simple fractions (addition and subtraction of fractions with like denominators and multiplying a fraction times a fraction3 or a whole number), and problems that require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Represent measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

Maine

  • 4.NF.B.3a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.

Maryland

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.

Massachusetts

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole. (The whole can be a set of objects.)
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using drawings or visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using drawings or visual fraction models.
  • 4.NF.B.3.c — Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators, e.g., by replacing each mixed number with an equivalent fraction, and/or by using properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Michigan

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

Minnesota

  • 4.1.2.3 — Use fraction models to add and subtract fractions with like denominators in real-world and mathematical situations. Develop a rule for addition and subtraction of fractions with like denominators.
  • 5.1.3.2 — Model addition and subtraction of fractions and decimals using a variety of representations. For example: Represent 2/3 + 1/4 and 2/3 - 1/4 by drawing a rectangle divided into 4 columns and 3 rows and shading the appropriate parts or by using fraction circles or bars.
  • 5.1.3.4 — Solve real-world and mathematical problems requiring addition and subtraction of decimals, fractions and mixed numbers, including those involving measurement, geometry and data. For example: Calculate the perimeter of the soccer field when the length is 109.7 meters and the width is 73.1 meters.

Mississippi

  • 4.NF.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model (including, but not limited to: concrete models, illustrations, tape diagram, number line, area model, etc.). Examples: 3/8 = 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 ; 3/8 = 1/8 + 2/8 ; 2 1/8 = 1 + 1 + 1/8 = 8/8 + 8/8 + 1/8.

Missouri

  • 4.NF.B.4 — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining/composing and separating/decomposing parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.6 — Solve problems involving adding and subtracting fractions and mixed numbers with like denominators.
  • 4.NF.B.5 — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator and record each decomposition with an equation and justification.

Montana

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems within cultural contexts, including those of Montana American Indians, involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3.c — Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators, e.g., by replacing each mixed number with an equivalent fraction, and/or by using properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Nebraska

  • 4.N.3.b — Explain the meaning of addition and subtraction of fractions with like denominators using visual fraction models, properties of operations, and reasoning strategies.
  • 4.N.3.c — 4.N.3.d 4.N.3.e Add and subtract fractions and mixed numbers with like denominators. Solve authentic problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions and mixed numbers with like denominators. Multiply a fraction by a whole number using visual fraction models and properties of operations.
  • 4.N.3 — Operations with Fractions: Students will understand and demonstrate fractional computation.
  • 4.N.2.a — Explain and demonstrate how a mixed number is equivalent to a fraction greater than one and how a fraction greater than one is equivalent to a mixed number using visual fraction models and reasoning strategies.

Nevada

  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

New Hampshire

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

New Jersey

  • 4.NF.B.3a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model. Examples: 3/8 = 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 ; 3/8 = 1/8 + 2/8 ; 2 1/8 = 1 + 1 + 1/8 = 8/8 + 8/8 + 1/8

New Mexico

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

New York

  • NY-4.NF.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • NY-4.NF.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators.
  • NY-4.NF.3.c — Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators.

North Carolina

  • NC.4.NF.3 — Understand and justify decompositions of fractions with denominators of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100. • Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole. • Decompose a fraction into a sum of unit fractions and a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way using area models, length models, and equations. • Add and subtract fractions, including mixed numbers with like denominators, by replacing each mixed number with an equivalent fraction, and/or by using properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction. • Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions, including mixed numbers by writing equations from a visual representation of the problem.

North Dakota

  • 4.NO.NF.6 — Solve authentic word problems by adding and subtracting fractions and mixed numbers with like denominators (proper and improper fractions limited to denominators of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100).
  • 4.NO.NF.2 — Explain and demonstrate how a mixed number is equivalent to a fraction greater than one and how a fraction greater than one is equal to a mixed number using visual fraction models and reasoning strategies (proper and improper fractions limited to denominators of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100).

Ohio

  • 4.NF.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.3.c — Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators, e.g., by replacing each mixed number with an equivalent fraction, and/or by using properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Oklahoma

  • 4.N.3.5 — Use models to add and subtract fractions with like denominators.
  • 5.N.3 — Add and subtract fractions with like and unlike denominators, mixed numbers, and decimals to solve real- world and mathematical problems.
  • 5.N.3.2 — Illustrate addition and subtraction of fractions with like and unlike denominators, mixed numbers, and decimals using a variety of mathematical models (e.g., fraction strips, area models, number lines, fraction rods).

Oregon

  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction (a/b) as the sum (a) of fractions of the same denominator (1/b). Solve problems in authentic contexts involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators.
  • 3.NF.A.1 — Understand the concept of a unit fraction and explain how multiple copies of a unit fraction form a non-unit fraction.

Pennsylvania

  • CC.2.1.4.C.2 — Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers.

Rhode Island

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole. (The whole can be a set of objects).
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using drawings or visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3.c — Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators, e.g., by replacing each mixed number with an equivalent fraction, and/or by using properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

South Carolina

  • 4.NSF.3 — Develop an understanding of addition and subtraction of fractions (i.e., denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 25, 100) based on unit fractions.
  • 4.PS.2d — Connect the meaning of mathematical operations to the context of a given situation.

South Dakota

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Add and subtract of fractions e.g., joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b. For example, 4/5 = 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5.
  • 4.NF.B.3.c — Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators, e.g., by replacing each mixed number with an equivalent fraction, and/or by using properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Tennessee

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve contextual problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators.
  • 4.NF.B.3.c — Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators by replacing each mixed number with an equivalent fraction and/or by using properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Texas

  • 4.3E — represent and solve addition and subtraction of fractions with equal denominators using objects and pictorial models that build to the number line and properties of operations;
  • 4.3A — represent a fraction a/b as a sum of fractions 1/b, where a and b are whole numbers and b>0, including when a>b;

Utah

  • 4.NF.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, for example, by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, for example, by using a visual fraction model. For example, 3/8 = 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8; 3/8 = 1/8 + 2/8; 2 1/8 = 1 + 1 + 1/8; 2 1/8 = 8/8 + 8/8 + 1/8.

Vermont

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.

Virginia

  • 4.CE.3a — Estimate and determine the sum or difference of two fractions (proper or improper) and/or mixed numbers, having like denominators limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12 (e.g., 3/8 + 3/8 , 21/5 + 4/5 , 7/4 - 5/4 ) and simplify the resulting fraction. Addition and subtraction with fractions may include regrouping.*
  • 4.CE.3b — Estimate, represent, solve, and justify solutions to single-step contextual problems using addition and subtraction with fractions (proper or improper) and/or mixed numbers, having like denominators limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12, and simplify the resulting fraction. Addition and subtraction with fractions may include regrouping.
  • 4.CE.3 — The student will estimate, represent, solve, and justify solutions to single-step problems, including those in context, using addition and subtraction of fractions (proper, improper, and mixed numbers with like denominators of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12), with and without models; and solve single-step contextual problems involving multiplication of a whole number (12 or less) and a unit fraction, with models. Students will demonstrate the following Knowledge and Skills:
  • 3.NS.3c — Use a model of a fraction greater than one to count the fractional parts to name and write it as an improper fraction and as a mixed number (e.g., 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, 4/4, 5/4 = 1 1/4 ).

Washington

  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.

Washington, D.C.

  • 4.NF.B.3.a — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.B.3.d — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • 4.NF.B.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b.
  • 4.NF.B.3.b — Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

West Virginia

  • M.4.14 — Understand the fraction a/b, with a> 1, as the sum of a of the fractions 1/b. a. Add and subtract fractions with like denominators. Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole. b. Decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions by using a visual fraction model (e.g., 3/8 = 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8; 3/8 = 1/8 + 2/8; 2 1/8 = 1 + 1 + 1/8 = 8/8 + 8/8 + 1/8). c. Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators by replacing each mixed number with an equivalent fraction greater than one and/or by using properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction. Identify the two whole numbers a mixed number is between. d. Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
  • M.4.20 — Use the four operations to solve word problems involving distances, intervals of time, liquid volumes, masses of objects, and money, including problems involving simple fractions or decimals and problems that require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Represent measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.

Wisconsin

  • M.4.NF.B.3 — Understand composing and decomposing fractions. a. Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole. b. Decompose a fraction into a sum of unit fractions and/or multiples of that unit fraction in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions with explanations, visual fraction models, or equations. For example: 3/8 = 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8; 3/8 = 1/8 + 2/8; 2 1/8 = 1 + 1 + 1/8 = 8/8 + 8/8 + 1/8. c. Add and subtract fractions, including mixed numbers, with like denominators (e.g., 3/8 + 2/8) and related denominators (e.g., 1/2 +1/4, 1/3 + 1/6) by using visual fraction models (e.g., tape diagrams and number lines), properties of operations, and the relationship between addition and subtraction. d. Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions with like and related denominators, including mixed numbers, by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem. Students are not required to rename fractions in lowest terms nor use least common denominators.
  • M.3.NF.A.1 — Understand a unit fraction as the quantity formed when a whole is partitioned into equal parts and explain that a unit fraction is one of those parts (e.g., 1/4). Understand fractions are composed of unit fractions.

Wyoming

  • 4.NF.G.3.A — Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  • 4.NF.G.3.D — Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole and having like denominators.
  • 4.NF.G.3 — Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of unit fractions (1/b).